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VOCABULARY OF PHILOSOPHY – APPEARANCE

APPEARANCE—That which seems to the senses in contrast with that which is verified. Phenomenon, in contrast with fact. German, Erscheinung. The distinction between appearance and reality is as old as philosophy. It is recognised, e.g., in the Eleatic and Heraclitic distinction of Being and Becoming, in Plato’s distinction between the one and the many, the idea or essence and the sensible thing which is its shadow. This absolute opposition of Plato is overcome by Aristotle, who finds the essence in the appearance, the one in the many, the ideal in the sensible. The distinction reappears in modern philosophy, in Locke’s contrast between substance or substratum, and the qualities which it underlies, and in Kant’s Thing-in-itself, or Noumenon as opposed to the Phenomenon. Hegel identifies Essence and Appearance, Noumenon and Phenomenon, finding in the latter only the manifestation or realisation of the former.
 
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